Telephone exchange apparatus



Feb. 11, 1947. QR, McBERTY 2,415,437

TELEEJIONE EXCHANGE APPARATUS Filed July 29, 1940 7 Sheets-Sheet l F. R. M BERTY TELEPHONE EXCHANGE APPARATUS Feb. 11, 1947.

7 Sheets-Sheet 4' Filed J uly 29, 1940 wsumr/olr 7 a 3 O OOOOQOOO OOOOOOOOO an fRMcBe Feb. E1, 194-7; F, MC E 2,415,437

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE APPARATUS Filed July 29, 1940 7 SheetsSheet 5 5.? INSULAT/O/V 41 5! m'sumrm/w 16 fnz/mfw" Wan/i f? Mcwiy Feb. 11, 1947 F, R; McBERTY 2,415,43

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE APPARATUS Filed July 2'9,v 1940 7 Sheets-Shet e mm W 53 Feb; 11, 1947. F, R, MCBERTY 2,415,437

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE AIPARATUS Filed July 29, 1940 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 fly 21.

' 4- fizz/672W: wmm a I ii I Patented Feb. 11, 1947 Frank R. McBerty, Mansfield, Ohio, assignor to The North Electric Manufacturing Company, Gallon, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application July 29, 1940, Serial No. 348,223 (01. 179-25) 57 Claims. 1

My invention relates, generall to telephone exchange apparatus, and it has particular relation to automatic telephone exchange apparatus of the all relay type such as described in Telephone Theory and Practice, by Kempster B. Miller, first edition, 1933, chapter VI.

An object of my invention is to reduce to a minimum the space required by the relays and conductors in telephone exchange apparatus.

Another object, of my invention is to so arrangethe terminals of the relays that connections thereto can be made by substantially straight conductors.

A further object of my invention is to arrange the sets of terminals of the relays that are multipled with the portions to which connection is made in straight lines so as to permit the multipled connections to .be made by straight conductors.

Still another object of my invention is to arrange the units and tens relays of each link in tandem on a support member with the portions of the sets of terminals that are connected in multiple arranged in straight lines to permit interconnection by straight conductors.

It is another object of my invention to arrange the links in side-by-side relation with the terminals of each link that are to be connected in multiple with the corresponding ones of the other links arranged in straight lines to permit interconnection by straight conductors.

It is still another object of my invention to ar range the units and tens relays of each link in tandem on a support member and the links in side-by-side relation with the portions of the sets of terminals of each link that are to be connected in multiple, and of the terminals of each link that are to be connected in multiple with the corresponding ones of the other links arranged in straight lines to permit interconnection by straight conductors.

Other objects of my invention will, in part, be obvious and in part appear hereinafter.

My invention, accordingly, is disclosed in the embodiment thereof shown in the accompany-- ing drawings, and it comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the constructions hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the application of which will be indi-' cated in the appended claims.

For a more complete understanding of the nature and scope of my invention, reference may 'behad to the following detailed description taken because of the small scale employed;

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 22 of Figure 1, again showing somewhat diagrammatically the details of construction;

Figure 3 is a view, in front elevation, of the front terminal strip of one of the links;

Figure 4 is a view, in front elevation, of the ten units relays of one of the links;

Figure 5 is a view, in front elevation, of two of the ten tens relays of one of the links;

Figure 6 is a view, in side elevation, of the two terminal strips for each link;

Figure 7 is a view, in side elevation, of the ten units relays for each link;

Figure 8 is a view, in side elevation, of two of i the ten tens relays of each link;

Figures 9 and 10 are detail sectional views showing different types of relay construction that can be employed for the units and tens relays; and

Figure 11 is a rear elevation of two tens relays of adjacent links showing the arrangement of the conductors by means of which corresponding terminals of the tens relays of the difierent links are multipled.

Referring now particularly to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, it will be' observed that the reference character l0 designates, generally, a rectangular frame that is formed by upright side members I I and interconnecting top and bottom members I2. As shown, the members II and I2 are angles,- but it will be understood that any other suitable type of frame members can be employed, such as channels, etc. The frame members are fastened together by any suitable means 3 nection with a one hundred line telephone exchange.

In so far as the structural arrangements are concerned, all of the linksl5 are duplicates of each other. Accordingly, a description of one will suflice for all of them. Each link l5 comprises a support member 16 in the form of a back bar which, as will be hereinafter set forth, may form a part of the magnetic circuit of the relays, or it may be employed'solely as a support member for the relays which may be provided with selfcontained magnetic circuits. The support members l6 are vertically positioned, as shown, in side-by-side relationship with the other support members of adjacent links, and are arrahged'to' have mounted thereon a group of ten unitsrelays l1 and a group of ten tens re'1a'ysl8. The

units and tens relays i1 and I8 are mounted in tandem on the support members I6, with the units, relays H at the top and the tens relays [8 below. The details of construction of the units andtensrelays l1 and 18 will be set forth indetail hereinafter. I I ,7 Certain of the terminalsof the units and tens relays l'l and i8 of each link l 5 are connected in multiple toterminal strips I9 and 28 at the upper end of the support member l6. Certain other terminals of the units and tens relays I1 and which r not muli l diarel ke is co nects to t t rm eel i w and 20 by co ductors which are known as control conductors.

Intermediate the framemembers i2 is a channe m m r ,1, t at fl a r s d o ca r te i strips ZZJwhich a re common to all of the line findten wnne r.. i nt n ofthe t minals' of the hnits and tens relaysll and iii a c ne i in mult e w th r ine Q1198 of the relays of adjacent links and are also conne ke t the. er na s i s 22 tmw ic the incoming lines are connected, as is readily understood by those skilledin the art, While the terminal strips 22 whicharecommon tothe line finder and connector links I15 are illustrated as being positioned intermediate these two groups of links, it will be understood that the terminal st p an. b .nb i at ei e of frame .li' 'ii hal ks than be sp uniformly apart on the frame l0 instead of their heig fa m d WQ W p' w h t rmi strips ZZ therebetween as illustrated. In either construction the electrical connections would be the same. g I

As indicated hereinbefore the details of constructionof the line finder and connector links I5 are identical. The circuit connections thereto will, of course, be in accordance with the particular system arrangement that is employed and the operating features that are desired. Therefore, a description of the detailsof construction of one of the links l5 and the arrangementof the connections thereto will suffice for all of the links.

Referring now to Figures 3 and 6 of the drawin gs, it will be observed that the construction of theterminal strips I9 andZil is shown in detail. These terminal strips each comprise insulating strips 25 and 26 which are mounted by suitable brackets 21 and 28 on opposite sides of the support member or back bar IS. The insulation strips 25 and 26 are identical and areeach provided with four rows of terminal lugs shown generally at 29 and 30, to which groups of conductors 3| and 32 are connected as illustrated.

It will be understood that certain of the conductors 3i and 32serve to connect certain of the terminals of the relays of the particular link in multiple and certain other of them are directly connected to certain other terminals and constitute control conductors. Guide and spacing members 33 and 34, of suitable insulating material, such as a thermoplastic material known as polystyrene, are provided at spaced intervals along the conductors 3| and 32 for supporting them in insulated spaced relation.

As will hereinafter appear, the arrangement of the terminals of the relays is such that the condoctors 31 and 32 are positioned substantially in straight lines. This arrangement of the conductors, substantially decreases the capacity therebetween, since bare conductors are employed with the dielectric therebetween being air except for the support members 33 and 34. Because of this reduction in capacity between the conductors over that which exists when twisted pairs of conductors are employed, the noise level of the circuits is materially reduced. v

The conductors 31 and 32 are preferably'foriiied of non-corrosive material such as stainless steel, and they may have a diameter of 0.020 inch.

Extending from each of the insulating trips 25 and 28 is a pair of plate lik'e insulating members 35 and 36 provided with apertures 31 and 38 respectively, through which the external conductors can be passed for connection totheappropriate terminallug's 29 and 30.

The details of construction of the units and tens relays l1 and 18 are fully. set forth ininy copending application Serial 'No. 348,222, filed July 29, 1940, now Patent No. 2,396,332, dated March 12, 1946, and, accordingly, will not be 'repeated herein. Only a sufiicient description of the details of the relay construction, will be set forth herein as will provide a complete understanding of the present invention. Before proceeding with a description of the units and tens relays. l1 and F8 as they are assembled in the link 15, reference will first be had to Figures 9 and 10 of the drawings whichshow alternate types of relay construction that may be employed for either the units or the tens relays.

Referring first to Figure 9 of the drawings-it will be noted that a portion of the magnetic circuit is formed by the back barfor support member I'B. It comprises a portion of a generally U shaped magnetic member, the sides of which are formed by side pole pieces M. It has already been noted that the support member l6 extends throughout the entire length vo'f the link and that it is common to all of the relays. The side pole pieces}! are likewise common to all of the relays, so that the generally U shaped niaghe'tic'me'mber formed by the support member N5 and the side members 41 is common to all of the units and tens relays'l'l and 1'8. Cooperating with the U shaped magnetic member is a generally T shaped magnetic member formed by a core 42 which comprises the stem of the T, and-a top member 43, the ends of which are spaced from the ends of the U shaped magnetic member or the upper" edges of the side magnetic "members 41' to form air gaps Althereb tWen. A winding 45 is located around the core '42 or around the stem of the T-shaped magnetic memberforenergizing the magnetic circuit, as will be readily understood.

Associated with each of the air gaps 44 ;is a set of movable and stationarycooperating contact members. Eachof the movable contact members comprises a metallic reedsfi whichcarriesa-contact member 47 or armature at its upper end for contact engagement with a cooperating stationary contact member 48 that is molded in a suitable strip 49 of insulating material and has a terminal portion 50 which projects upwardly therefrom. The metallic reeds 46 are supported intermediate their ends by being molded in strips 5| of suitable insulating material. Preferably, the strips 49 and 5| are formed of thermoplastic material, such as polystyrene. The lower ends 52 of the metallic reeds 46 constitute terminals to which conductors can be attached, as will be readily understood.

The metallic reeds 46 are spring-like in character and are so arranged that normally they urge the contact members or armatures 41 carried thereby away from the air gaps 44. It is desirable that the armatures 41 be spaced uniformly from their cooperating stationary contact membersj48. For this purpose, stop members 53 in the form of glass rods are positioned along the backs ofthe armatures 41 and serve to provide the desired alignment. The glass rods 53 extend the full length of all of the units and tens relays I! and I8, and thereby accurately align all of the armatures 41. It will be observed that the relaysherein described after they are assembled have no adjustment whatever. The glass rods 53 are of particular significance in this connection. They are straight and remain permanently so, and do not change shape or size under variations of temperature or humidity. They avoid any tendency of the armatures to stick to them. The

round glass rod has substantially only line contact with the back of the armature and hence minimum tendency to stick or slow down the motion of the armature in either direction. The common and uniform spacing of the armatures relative to their contacts by means of the glass rods is particularly important for multiple relays such as the present where a relatively large num- 'ber of armatures are employed, and wherein a very small gap between the movable and stationary contacts is desired.

The armatures 41 serve a dual purpose. They ,carry current between the stationary contact members 48 and the associated metallic reeds 46. In addition, since they are formed of magnetic material, they are attracted toward the air gaps .44 on energization of the winding 45 to cause the desired contact engagement. In Figure of the drawings, an alternate re- -lay construction is shown. In this construction, the back bar or support member |6 serves only a single function, i. e., it supports the units and tens relays l1 and I8. The U shaped magnetic .member a is provided by the self-contained U shaped magnetic member 54 in which the bottom ;and the sides are integral. The U shaped magnetic member 54 may be common to all of the units and tens relays, or it may be individual thereto, or it may be individual to groups of these .relays, for example it may be individual to ten of the units relays I1 and to two of the tens 'relays l8. Referring now to Figures 4 and 7 of the drawings which show the arrangement of the ten .units relays H in a link, it will be noted that the insulating strip 49 in which the stationary ter- -minals 48 are molded extends over the entire group of relays. The terminal extensions 50 are arranged in coplanar relationship with the extreme outer ends turned outwardly or inwardly, depending upon the particular connections that are tobe made thereto. It will also be noted that the terminal extensions 50 are of different lengths,

or are staggered, so as to permit connection thereto without interference from the other connec-- tions. In general, itmay be stated that all of the portions of the terminal extensions 50 which are to be connected together, or are to'be multipled, are arranged substantially in a straight line so that a substantially straight conductor can in} terconnect them. 5 I

As shown more clearly in Figure 7 of the drawings, the terminal portions 52 of the'metallic reeds 46 extend at variable distances below'the support member 5| therefor, depending upon the connections that are made thereto. It will; be observed that the metallic reeds 46 and "their terminal extensions 52 are arranged in coplanar relationship, and that they extend beyond the support member IS in a direction which is opposite to the direction in which the terminal portions 50 of the stationary contact members 48 extend. In order to avoid short circuiting of the various terminal extensions '52, connectors 55 which extend at right angles to the plane of the paper on which Figure '7 is shown serve to interconnect them with the corresponding ones of the group of conductors 32, as will be readily understood.

Referring now particularly to Figures 5 and '8 of the drawings, it will be observed that thear- 'rangement and'the connections to the tens relays I8 are generally the same as described for the units'relays l1. As shown in Figure 5, the msulation support member 49 is common to two of the tens relays l8. The terminal extensions 50 carried thereby have certain of their outer ends turned outwardly and others turned inwardly, depending upon the connections that are to be made thereto. The terminal extensions 50 on the opposite sides of the insulating support member 49 are arranged in coplanar relationship and, as shown in Figure 8, they are staggered inorder to permit connection to the conductors 3| without interference. In general it may be stated that here, as'for the units relays, the portions of the terminal extensions 50 that are multipled or connected together are arranged in straight lines so that the conductors 3| interconnecting the same can likewise be arranged in straight lines.

The extensions 52 from the metallic reeds 46 project beyond the support member l5 and'are arranged in coplanar relationship as previously described for the units relays l'l. Certain of the terminal portions 52 are connected by the conductors 32 to the terminal strip 29 associated with the particular link. The remaining ones of the terminal projections 52 are connected to corresponding ones of the tens relays on the adjacent links in a manner which will now be described.

Referring now to Figure 11 of the drawings, it will be observed that portions of two adjacent links are illustrated showing the cross connections or common multiple connections between the tens relays l8. As previously described, the portions 52 of the metallic reeds 46 which project beyond the support member or back bar l6 constitute terminal connecting portions for the movable contact members. The reeds 46 are mounted intermediate their ends in insulating strips 5| which are secured to the edges of the back bar or support member |6 by means of suitable screws 56. These screws also support clamp 'members 51 which carry the conductor spacer and guide members 34.

tallic reeds 46 are multipled with corresponding ones of the tens relays of adjacentlinks. "As

shown in Figure 11, the terminal portions 52 on opposite sides of each link are located-in staggered relation so that they can be interconnected by straight conductors 60. It will be apparent that the portions of the terminals 52-to which the conductors 60 are connected on the various links are arranged in straight lines so that the conductors 60 can also follow this straight line pattern. All of the conductors B are arranged in coplanar relationship and, are mounted in insulated spaced relation by conductor supports and spacers 6| that are formed of suitable insulating material, such as a thermoplastic material known as polystyrene. The members 6| are generally T shaped in construction, with the conductors 60 being threaded through suitable apertures in the stem 62 of the T.

The general operation of my device will now be briefly outlined for the purpose of indicating more fully the utility of the various units illustrated and described. In an exchange employing my selector-connector unit the telephone lines to subscribers are connected to the multiple conductors 60 of which in the illustrated unit there are ten banks of ten lines, each line including the two talking conductors and one testing conductor. An incoming call on a line operating through a suitable starter wire and control circuits automatically finds an idle link, which comprises a selector unit at the left, of Figure 1 and a cooperating connector unit [5 at the right of Figure 1. In the selector unit the tens relay [8 to which the tens of the calling line number corresponds and the corresponding units relay I! out of the group of ten uni-ts relays of that selector to which the units of the calling line number corresponds are energized. This is done through known relay selection and is completed almost instantly upon closing of the calling line circuit. The calling subscriber dialsthe tens digits of the called number and a, system of counting relays receives the tens impulses and energizes in the connector unit the corresponding. tens relay [8 to which the called line number and position corresponds. Then the dialing of the units digits of the called number similarly is received by the counting relays and the corresponding connector unit relay I1 energized, subject to the busy test of the line called, to close the connection to the called line, and to apply the ringing current auto.- matically. It is thus seen that the'tens and units selection for line finding and for connection is performed by an exceedingly compact mechanism employing very short runs of bare conductor. The result of my invention is. an exchange of unusually low cost, of long life and excellent performance. The noise level in an exchange of this character is far below that of any previously known exchange, largely because of the freedom In, the following claims, the terms vertical? and "horizontal are employed for convenience to indicate relative directions, namely, at right angles to each other in a common .plane, and are not intended to imply that the parts'which are defined as lying or extending in those positions or directions must be placed or extended in such vertical or horizontal position or direction, or in any particular position or direction, solong as the relative position or direction in space is maintained. Similarly, upper and lower and inner and outer are used for convenience to indicate relative and not absolute position. In brief, the use of terms indicating direction or position is relative and not absolute. This is particularly to be observed since in use the relay is in a telephone installation generally disposed with the axis of its core in a horizontal position.

I claim as my invention:

1. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a bar supported at its ends and constituting a support member, and a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a winding, a magnetic circuit providing an air gap having its length extending longitudinally of said supporting bar, stationary and movable contact means, andterminals extending from said contact means to opposite front. and back sides of said support member, certain corresponding sets of which terminals on the front side are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which multiple connection is made being located substantially in a straight line a single substantially straight bare link conductor extending longitudinally of said bar for interconnecting each set of aligned terminals; and terminal strips disposed at one end of and lying on opposite sides of said support member and bearing terminal conductors to which said sets of multipled terminals and certain of the: remaining terminals are connected for making connections outside the aforesaid assembly.

2. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a bar constituting a-support member, and a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a winding, a, magnetic circuit providing an air gap having its length extending longitudinally of saidsupporting bar, stationary and movable contact means, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from said support member and in front of the same, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying said movable contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and from the considerable lengths of twisted pairs of extend y Said Support er n a direcployed in an exchange of the, all-relay type, as well as in the travelling contact type. The particular form of selector-connector, relays employed avoids noise at the relaycontacts where heretofore considerable disturbance has originated.

Since certain further changes can be made in the foregoing constructions and different embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is intended that all matter shown in the. accompanying drawings and described. hereinbefore s all e. interpreted s. llust ative and. not in. a limiting, sense.

talking conductors heretofore invariably. emftfonopposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals being connected inmultiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection'is made being located substantially in a straight line longitudinally of the bar, .a single substantially straight conductor extending longitudinally of said bar for interconnecting said set of aligned, terminals; and terminal strips disposed at one end of and lying on opposite sides of said support member providing terminal conductors to which said sets of multipled terminals. and certain of the remaining terminals are connected for making; connections outside said assembly.

3. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a support member comprising a bar, a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and of the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, said air gaps having their length extending longitudinally of said bar, a Winding around the stem of the T, stationary and a plurality of movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said contact means to opposite sides, front and back, of said support member certain sets of which terminals are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line longitudinally of the bar, a plurality of substantially straight bare conductors extending longitudinally of said bar, each interconnecting a set of aligned terminals; and terminal strips on opposite sides of said support member providing terminal bar conductors to which said sets of multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals are connected for providing connections outside said assembly.

4. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a bar constituting a support member, a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and of the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, said air gaps having their length extending longitudinally of said bar, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from said support member, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond said support member in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals being connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor, substantially straight bare conductors extending longitudinally of said bar, each interconnecting a set of aligned terminals; and terminal strips on opposite sides of said support member providing terminal conductors to certain of which said sets of multiple terminals are connected by said bare conductors, and additional longitudinally extending bare conductors connecting others of. said terminal conductors and certain of the remaining relay terminals.

5. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a support member comprising a bar, and a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and of the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, said air gaps having their lengths extending longitudinally of the bar, the parts forming said U shaped magnetic member being common to all said relays, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable con tact means associated with each air gap, and

terminals extending from said contact means certain sets of which are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located'substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor, and substantially straight bare conductors interconnecting said aligned multiple terminals.

6. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a support member comprising a bar, and a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a winding, a magnetic circuit providing an air gap having its length extending longitudinally of said supporting bar, stationary and movable contact means,

I and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from said support member, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond said support member in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals being connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor substantially straight bare conductors connecting each set of said aligned terminals; stop means consisting of vitreous bars of insulation extending along said contact members carried by said reeds for uniformly spacing the same from their respective stationary contact means, and terminal strips on opposite sides of said support member providing terminal conductors to certain of which said sets of multiplied terminals are connected'by said straight conductors and additional substantially straight longitudinally extending conductors connecting others of said terminal conductors and certain of the remaining relay terminals.

'7. A multi-relay assembly comprising, in combination, a support member, a plurality of aligned relays carried by said support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and of the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the parts forming said U shaped magnetic member being common to all said relays, a windingaround the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from said support member, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate-their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond said support member in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals being connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection'is made being located substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor; stop means along each side of said U shaped magnetic member and common to all said contact members carried by said reeds therealong for uniformly spacing the same from their respective stationary contact means, and terminal strips on opposite sides of said support member to which said sets of mul- ,tipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals are connected.

8. A link for telephone exchange apparatus comprising, in combination, a bar serving as a support member, ten units relays and ten tens relaysmounted in tandem on said support member; each relay including a winding, a magnetic circuit providing an air gap having its length extending longitudinally of the bar, and stationary and movable cooperating contact means having substantially coplanar terminals extending in opposite directions front and back of said bar, certain sets of which terminals are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located in substantially a straight line longitudinally of the bar; and a single substantially straight conductor extending longitudinally of the bar and interconnecting each set of aligned multipled terminals.

9. A link for telephone exchange apparatus comprising, in combination, a bar serving as a support member, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on said support member; each relay including a winding, a magnetic circuit providing an air gap having its length extending longitudinally of said supporting bar,

and stationary and movable cooperating contact means having substantially coplanar terminals extending in opposite directions to opposite sides of said support member certain sets of which terminals are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor; substantially straight conductors extending longitudinally of said bar, each interconnecting a set of aligned terminals, and terminal strips on opposite sides of said support member providing terminal conductors on the front side of the bar to certain of which said sets of multipled terminals are connected by said straight conductors, and additional substantially straight longitudinally extending conductors connecting certain of said terminal conductors on the back side of said bar and certain of the remaining relay terminals.

comprising, in combination, a bar serving as a support member, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on said support member; each relay including a winding, a magnetic circuit providing an air gaphaving its length extending longitudinally of said supporting bar, stationary and movable cooperating contact means, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means forwardly from said support member, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while theother ends form terminals and extend behind said support mem-- her in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of saidterminals being connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor; substantially straight conductors extending longitudinally of said bar, each interconnecting a set of aligned terminals, and terminalstrips on opposite sides of said support member. providing terminal conductors to certain substantially straight longitudinally extending conductors connecting others of said terminal conductors and certain of the remaining relay terminals. 7

11. A link for telephone exchange apparatus comprising, in combination, a bar serving as a support member, and ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on said support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the longitudinal axis of said air gaps extending longitudinally of said supporting bar, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated witheach air gap, and terminals extending from said contact means certain sets of which are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line for inter connection by a single substantially straight concluster, and substantially straight conductors interconnecting said aligned multipleterminals.

12. A link for telephone exchange apparatus comprising, in combination, a bar serving as a support member, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on said supportmember; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the longitudinal axis of each of said air gaps extending longitudinally of said supporting bar, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said contact means to opposite sides of said support member certain sets of which are connected in multiple, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line for interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor; substantially straight conductors extending longitudinally of said bar, each interconnecting a set of aligned terminals, and terminal strips on opposite sides of said support member providing terminal conductors to certain of which said sets of multipled terminals are connected by said straight conductors, and additional substantially straight longitudinally extending conductors connecting others of said terminal conductors and certain of the remaining relay terminals.

13. A link for telephone exchange apparatus comprising, in combination, a, bar serving as a support member, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on said support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, said air gaps having their longitudinal axes extending longitudinally of said supporting bar, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means forwardlyfrom said support member, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact amuse:

T3 be]: in a direction opposite to' that in which the terminals from said stationaryrcontact means-i extend, certain setsof'. said terminals being'corrnested in multiple; the portions" of: each. set of multipledi terminals? to which 2 connection: isi'made being located: substantially. in; a straight. line; for: interconnectioniby a single-substantially straight: conductor; substantially straight conductors ex'-- tending' longitudinally of. said: bar, each inter-- connecting a; setaoflalignedf terminals; and tarminalstrips on opposite sides of. said, supports memben providing terminal conductors to: certain of.:which .saidtsets-of: multipled terminals are con-- nectedbyr said. straight: conductors, an addi tional substantially: straight? longitudinally; ex:- tending; conductorszconnecting others of 1' said ;ter:-- minal; conductors and. certaimof: thes remaining relay terminals.

14. A. link: for: telephone" exchange apparatus comprising,.in combination,-a bar, servingas: an supportzmembenand' ten. units relays and ten tens relays mountedimtand'emi on said support. member; ea'ch relay; including a magnetic circuit formed-by. generally. T; and. U shaped interfitting; magnetic memb'ersiwithithe'ends of-the U' and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween; said air: gaps having their. longitudinal axes.= extending, longitudinally of said supporting. bar,.the--parts'forming said U shaped magnetic member being. common toall said relays, a winding. around; the. stem: of the T, stationary and movable'contactrmeans; associated with each air gap' and': terminals extending: from said: contact means. certain: setsof which are connected in mu1tip1e;.the-portions: of each set of multipled' terminalsrto'which connection ismade; being located substantially inxa: straightline for. interconnection by'a single substantially straight conductor, .and substantially straight .conductors in t'ercon'nectin'g 1 said aligned. multiplex terminals;

15. A link for: telephone exchange apparatus comprising, in combination, abar servingia's a support" member, tenlunits relays and ten tens relays mounted in; tandem on..said. supportimem' bery each relay including: a. winding,- a magnetic circuit providing an: air gap; having its: length extending longitudinally of said: supporting bar, stationary and movable cooperating: contact means; and terminals. extending from said stationary' contact means' forwardlyifrom: said: sup port member, said movable contact means:- comaprising conducting reeds stationarilyz' mounted intermediate their ends and" carrying contact members at one end't'o cooperate-with: said staa tionary-contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend back of saidsupporlumemher in adirection opposite to that in whichthe terminals from said stationary contact. means. ex.- tend, certain sets of said terminals beingi 0011-. nected' in multiple, the portions of each. set of. multipled terminals to which connection .is; made l'a'eing 'locat'ed substantially in astraight line for. interconnection by a single substantially straight conductor; stop means consisting. of bars pf vitrreous insulation extending along said: contact members carried" by said reeds for uniformly spacing thesame from then-respective stationary contact means; substantially straight conductors: extending longitudinally of said bar, each inter. connecting a set of aligned terminals; and. ten-- minal' strips onopposite sides of said support member providing terminal conductors to certain. of which saidsets of multipled terminals are? con nected by saidst'raightconductors; and additi'onal; substantially straight longitudinally extending I4 conductors 1 connecting: others of? said terminal conductors and. certain of the" remaining relay terminals.

16. A linkf for telephone exchange apparatus comprising; in combination, a support member,- ten units v relays andkten" tens relays mounted: intandem; on said. support" member; each. relay: includingia' magnetic circuit; formed .by: generally T and U :shaped interfitting; magnetic. members with the; ends of. the U! and. the top. ofv thev T spaced, to: form. air; gaps? therebetween, the partsi forming: saidt. U. shaped: magnetic members: being common to. all;said..re1a ys; alwinding aroundlthe stem of. the T,. stationary: andi movable contact: means:associated;with each.air gap;- and;termlnalst extending from: said: stationary: contact; means; away from. said support member; saidmovable contactvmeans comprising: conducting reeds-:stationarily. mounted intermediate: their: ends and carryingcontact members atone end:- to..-cOope1.-

ate with said stationary, contacti means: while. the other ends formterminals and extend :beyond said support. memberrinz, a directionvoppositevto that in which the. terminals from 1 said stationary. contact means; extendjcertain setsv of. said terminals being connected in multiple, the portions; of each set oftmultipledterminals to which connection. is: madebeing; located substantially in a. straightline for interconnectionbya single. sub.- stantially; straightzconductor; a glassrrod extend-- ingalong each. Eldeiof; said U shapedt magnetic member and commonito allsaid contact members carriedby said'reeds therealong for uniformly spacingthe same fromtheir: respectivestationary: contact. means, and terminal: strips; on. opposite:- sides of said supportamember'towhichmaid sets cfimultipledterminals. and. certainof tl'ieremaining: terminals are. connected; 1

17. lneaamulti-link assembly for telephone ex. change apparatus, inncombination, support .membersone. for each:link.mounted in side-.by-sidc relation, ten units relaysand ten tens relays mountedintandem: on each; support member; each relayi including. winding, ,a magnetic: cir;--; cuit,. and; stationary" and-.- movable: cooperating contact means having/substantially coplanar terminalsw extendingv in; oppositedirect-ions certain of which arevmultipled: with corresponding; onesv OfIIGlEtYS of the other links=to form 'setsof. multipledlterminals; the portions of eachset of multipled". terminals to which connection is made being- .located substantially-in a .straight line; and. asingle. substantially straight conductor inter? connecting: each set of multipledterminals;v

18: In;a: multi-link assembly; vforv telephone ex.- change apparatus, inacombination support mem-- bers: one" for each link; mounted. in side-by-side relation. tenunits relays andten tensrelay-s mounted in tandem on each support member; I

each'relay includinga winding; a'magnetic cir; cuit; and stationary:- and. movable cooperating. contact means having; substantially: coplanar. terminals-extending. toiopposite. sidesof vtheasupport. member: individual thereto certain of which are multiple-d with corresponding: ones. of relays: of. the. other; links to: formisets of multipled terminals;.,the.- portions of'. each set l of. multipled terminals to which. connectionlisi madebeing located in substantially a straightline; a singlesubstam tially. straight conductor.- interconnecting: each set. of multipled. terminals, and; terminal strip. means. common toall: of: the; links to which conductors are connected. 1 v

. 19.. .In. a .multielinlr. assembly for. telephone. ex

changeiappara-tus, in combination; support, mem

tionary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means c mprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support member individual thereto in a direction opposite to that in, which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend,. certain of said terminals being multipled with corresponding ones of relays of. the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which said conductors are connected.

- In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten-tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends-of the U and the top-of the'T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said contact means certain of which are multipledwith corresponding 'ones'of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a'straight line; and a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals.

- 21, In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting mag netic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said contact means to opposite sides of the support member individual thereto certain of which are multipled with'corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terinitials, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being'located in substantially a straight line; a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals, .and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which said conductors are connected.

22. In a multi-link assembly for telephoneexchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted in side-.by-side relation, ten units relays 'andten tens relays mounted in' tandemon eachsupport member; mementincluding a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and'the:

top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means whilelthe other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support member individual thereto in a direction'opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain of said terminals being-multipled with corresponding ones of relays of the other links toform sets of multipled terminals, the'portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connec-' tion is made being located substantially in'a straight line; a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals, and terminal strip means common'to all of the links to which said conductors are con nected. 23. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the parts forming said U shaped magnetic member being common to all of the relays of each link, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said contact means certain'of which .are multipled with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; and a single substantially straight conductors interconnecting each set of multipled terminals. 24. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus in combination, support members one for each link mounted in side-by-sicle relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays cuit, stationary and movable cooperating con-c tact means, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooper}- ate with said stationary'contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support member individual thereto ina direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certainof said terminals being multiplied with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of eachsct of multipled terminals to which connection is made being locatedsubstantially ina straight line; stop means extending along said contact members carried by said reeds for--uniformly spacing, the same from their respective station 17- conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which said conductors are connected.

25. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the parts forming said U shaped magnetic member being common to all of the relays of each link, a winding around the stem of the T, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending from said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support member individual thereto in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain of said terminals being multipled with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; a glass rod extending along each side of the U shaped magnetic member of each link and common to all said contact members carried by said reeds therealong for uniformly spacing the same from their respective stationary contact means, a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which said conductors are connected.

26. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted vertically in sideby-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a winding, .-a magnetic circuit, and stationary and movable cooperating contact'means having substantially coplanar terminals extending horizontally in opposite directions certain sets of which in each link are vertically connected in multiple and certain others of which are horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; and a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals.

2.7. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each mounted vertically in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a widing, a magnetic circuit, and-stationary and movable cooperating contact means having substantially coplanar terminals extending horizontally to pposite sides, of the support member individual thereto certain sets of which in each link are vertically connected in multiple and certain others of which are horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is madebeing located substantially in a straight line; a single sub stantially vertical conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of .each link, terminal strip means on opposite sides of each support member to which the verticaly multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals of each link are connected, a single substantially horizontal conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of all of the links, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which the horizontally multipled terminals are connected.

28. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted vertically in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a winding, a mag.- netic circuit, and stationary and movable cooperating contact means, and terminals extending horizontally from said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising horizontal conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support means individual thereto in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals in each link being vertically connected in multiple and certain others of said terminals in each link being horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being lo? cated substantially in a straight line;" a single substantially vertical conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of each link, terminal strip means on opposite sides of each support member to which the vertically multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals of each link are connected, a single substantially horizontal conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of all of the links, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which the horizontally multipled terminals are connected.

'29. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted vertically in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem On each support member; each relay including a magnetic'circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and substantially coplanar terminals extending horizontally in opposite directions from said stationary andlmovable contact means respectively certain sets of which in each link are vertically connected in multiple and certain others of which are horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding Ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight 19 line; and a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of mutipled terminals.

30. In a' multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted vertically in side-by-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with theends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, stationary and movable contact means associated with each'air'gap, andsubstantially coplanar terminals extending horizontally in opposite directions from said stationary 'and movable contact means respectively to opposite sides of the support member individual thereto certain sets of which in each link are vertically connected in multiple and certain others of which are horizontally connected in' multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; a single substantially vertical conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of each link, terminal strip means on opposite sides of each support member to which the vertically multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals of each link are connected, a single substantially horizontal conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of all of the linksyand terminal strip means common to all of the links to which the horizontally multipled terminals are connected.

31. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in' combination, support members one for each link mounted vertically in sideby-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed'by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the 'U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps "therebetween, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending horizontally'fro'm said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising horizontal conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support means individual thereto in a direction opposite to that in which the terminals from said stationary contact'means extend, certain sets of said terminals in each link being vertically connected in multiple and certain others of said terminals in each link being horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made beinglocated substantially in a straight line; a single substantially vertical conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of each link, terminal strip means on opposite sides of each support member to which the vertically multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals of each link are-connected, a single substantially horizontal conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals-of all'of the links, and terminal strip agitatemeans common to all of the links to which the horizontally multipled terminals are connected.

32. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combinatiomsupport members one for each link mounted vertically in sideby-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a magnetic circuit formed by generally T and U shaped interfitting magnetic members with the ends of the U and the top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the parts forming said U shaped magnetic member being common to all of th relays of ach link, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and substantially coplanar terminals extending horizontally in opposite directions from said stationary and movable contact means respectively certain sets of which in each link are vertically connected in multiple and certain others of which are horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; and a single substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals.

33. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members one for each link mounted vertically in sideby-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay including a winding, a magnetic circuit, and stationary and movable coopcrating contact means, and terminals extending horizontally from said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising horizontal conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support means individual thereto in a direction oppositeto that in which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals in each link being vertically connected in multiple and certain others of said terminals in each link being horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relays of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line; stop means extending along said contact members carried by said reeds for uniformly spacing the same from their respective stationary contact means, a single substantially vertical conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of each link, terminal strip means on opposite sides of each support member to which the vertically multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals of each link are connected, a single substantially horizontal conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of all of the links, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which the horizontally multipled terminals are connected.

34. In a multi-link assembly for telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, support members onefor each link mounted vertically in sideby-side relation, ten units relays and ten tens relays mounted in tandem on each support member; each relay 'includnig a magnetic circuit formed by-generally T and U shaped interfitti'ng magnetic members with the ends of the U and th top of the T spaced to form air gaps therebetween, the parts forming said U shaped magnetic member being common to all of the relays of each link, stationary and movable contact means associated with each air gap, and terminals extending horizontally from said stationary contact means away from the support member individual thereto, said movable contact means comprising horizontal conducting reeds stationarily mounted intermediate their ends and carrying contact members at one end to cooperate with said stationary contact means while the other ends form terminals and extend beyond the support means individual thereto in a direction opposite to thatin which the terminals from said stationary contact means extend, certain sets of said terminals in each link being vertically connected in multiple and certain others of said terminals in each link being horizontally connected in multiple with corresponding ones of relay of the other links to form sets of multipled terminals, the portions of each set of multipled terminals to which connection is made bein located substantially in a straight line; a glass rod extending along each side of the U shaped magnetic member of each link and common to all said contact members carried by said reeds therealong jfor uniformly spacing the same from their respective stationary contact means a single substantially vertical conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminals of each link, terminal strip means on opposite sides of each support member to which the vertically multipled terminals and certain of the remaining terminals of each link are connected, a single substantially horizontal conductorinterconnecting each set of multipled terminals of all of the links, and terminal strip means common to all of the links to which the horizontally multipled terminalsare connected.

3,5. In telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, a plurality of links each including a plurality of relays having relatively movable contact members with terminal connectors certain sets of which are multipled, the portions of each set of terminal connectors to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line, and a substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminal connectors, the conductors interconnecting the sets of multipled terminal connectors being disposed in insulated spaced relation with substantially only an air dielectric therebetween whereby the capacity thereof is substantially zero.

36. In telephone exchange apparatus, in combination, a plurality of links each including a plurality of relays having relatively movable and engageable contact members with substantially only the portions of the contact members adapted to be mutually engaged in parallel relation whereby the capacity therebetween is substantially zero, terminal connectors for'said contact members certain sets of Which are multipled, the portions of each set of terminal connectors to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line, and a substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of multipled terminal connectors, the conductors interconnecting the sets of multipled "terminal connectors being disposed in insulated spaced relation with substantially only an air dielectric therebetween whereby the capacity thereof is substantially zero.

3'7. In telephone exchange apparatus, in combination; a plurality of links each including a plurality of relays each having relatively stationary and movable and engageable cooperating contact members with substantially only the portions of the contact members adapted to be mutually engaged in parallel relation whereby the capacity therebetween is substantially zero, armature means carried by each movable contact member, and electromagnetic means coopcrating with said armature means for operating said movable contact members into engagement with their respective stationary contact members; terminal connectors for said contact members certain sets of which are multipled, the portions of each set of terminal connectors to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line, and a substantially straight conductor interconnecting each'set of multipled terminal connectors, the conductors interconnecting the sets of multipled terminal connectors being disposed insulated spaced relation with substantially only an air dielectric therebetween whereby the capacity thereof is substantiallyzero.

38. In telephone exchange apparatus, in combination; a pluraltiy of links each including a plurality of relays each having relatively stationary and movable and engageable cooperating contact members with substantially only the portions of the contact members adapted-to'be mutually engaged in parallel relation whereby the capacity therebetween is substantially zero, armature means carried by each movable contact member, and electromagnetic means cooperating with said armature means for operating said movable contact members into engagement with their respective stationary contact members, the mass of said movable contact members and armature means being relatively small as compared to the force of attraction capable of being exerted by said electromagnetic meanswhereby the contact-engagement between said contact members is effected without chattering and noise on the circuit in which they are connected is sub.- stantially reduced; terminal connectors for said contact members certain sets of-Which are multipled, the portions of eachset of terminal connectors to which connection is made being located substantially in a straight line, and a substantially straight conductor interconnecting each set of'multipled terminal connectors, the conductors interconnecting the sets of multipled terminal connectors being disposed in insulated spaced relation with substantially only an air dielectric therebetween whereby the capacity thereof is substantially zero.

'39. In a selective interconnecting device, a, plurality of parallel conductors in one plane, a plurality of parallel conductors in another plane and spaced from, but substantially in a right angle relation to the first mentioned plane, a substantially straight interconnecting conductor attached to each conductor in the first mentioned plane extending to a different conductor in the second mentioned plane on a line which constitutes substantially the shortest distance between the two conductors to be interconnected, a break in the interconnecting conductor, an independent circuit-closer for each of the said breaks,. and means for operating any of said circuit closers, as

described.

40. In a selective interconnecting device, a plurality of parallel conductors in one plane, a plurality of parallel conductors in another plane and spaced from, but at right angles thereto, where- .by .each of the conductors in the secondplane crosses each of the conductor-s in the first mentionedplane, a substantiallytstraight normally open interconnecting conductor extending be tween each of the first-mentionedconductors and adifierent one of the second-mentioned conductor on a line which constitutessubstantially the minimum distance between the two conductors to be interconnected, an independent group operat. ed electro-magnetic circuit-closer for each of said normal breaks, whereby any conductor in the f rst-mentioned plane may be connected -.to any conductor in the second-mentioned plane.

41. In a circuit interconnector, a plurality of parallel. conductors in one plane, another plurality of parallel conductors in another plane, all of said second-mentioned conductors crossing those of the first-mentioned conductors substantially atright angles, but not in contact therewith, the saidgroups being separated from one another spacially, a substantially straightinterconnectingconductor extending from each of said firstmentioned conductors to each of said secondmentioned conductors approximately in thefline .ofn inimum distance between said conductor-sat their crossing,,a normally-open break in each of the interconnecting conductors, an independent group, operated electro-magnetic circuitcloser or each break, each of the circuit-closers being located physically between the two said groups of conductors, and means for operating any of the said circuit-closers, r

42. In an interconnector, two groups of straight wire conductors indifferent planes respectively crossing. each other, a direct substantially straight permanent interconnecting conductor -.,extending fromeach crossing. conductor of one group to adifferent crossing conductor of the othergroup on a line which is substantially the minimum distance between them,;a normally? open, break insaid interconnecting conductor, an independent electro magnetic circuit closer therefor, and selective means for operating independently any one of said circuit-closers, as described-H...

. 43. In a selective interconnecter, a plurality of parallel straight line-conductors in one plane, an,- other group of parallel straight line or link-conductorsin another plane crossing said first-mentioned conductors but not,in electrical contact therewith, a substantially straight cross-connect- --ing.:conduc tor extending from each of saidfirstmentioned conductors to a difierent one of said second-mentioned conductors. on a -line which is substantially the ,minimum distance. between them, said cross connecting conductor being composed in part of a contact-anvil, a contact-point and a reed carrying said contact-point, said contact-point and said contact-anvil being normally separated, and an independent operating-mag- -net for closing any contact upon its .anvil, as described. V

contact therewith, an interconnectin conductor leading from each of said first-mentioned conducgtors to'a different one of each second-mentioned crossing conductors on a line which is substantially the shortest distance between them, said interconnecting conductor being composed in part of a contact-anvil, a contact-point, a flexible reed carrying the contact-point, an independent, individual. armature ois nall mass carried upon said contact-anvil, reed and magnet being located in the space between the planes of the two said groups of crossing conductors, and means for selectively operating any one of said electromagnets, whereby any one of said first-mentioned conductors may be'connected with any one of said second-mentioned conductors, as described.

45. In a telephone line-selector, a group of telephone line-conductors consisting of straight parallel wires in a plane, a group of line or link conductors consisting of like parallel straight wire conductors in a plane at right angles thereto, whereby each one of said first-mentioned conductors crosses each member of said second group, substantially straight independent interconnecting conductors. extending from each of said first-mentioned line-conductors to a different 'oneof said second-mentioned line-conductors on a line which is substantially the minimum distance between them, said interconnecting conductdr being composed in part of a contactanvil, a contact-point, said'p'ointbeing carried upon a flexible reed, an armature of small mass carried on said reed, an independent electro-magnet controlling each armature in combination with a number-impulse device. for each line, a numberregister and sender selectively controlling all said operating magnets, whereby any telephone subscriber may Selectively operate any of said circuitclo1s ers and connect his line to another line or lin 46. In a telephone system, the combination of a' vertical longitudinal supporting bar, a relay comprising a horizontal core supported on front of and at right angles to the bar, an outer polepiece for the outer end of the core, said polepiece having edges parallel to' thelongitudinal anisof the bar and a p'ai'r'cf platelike polepieces for the inner end of the core, said platelike polepieces lying on opposite'sid'es of the core and having their outer edges separated from the edges of the outer polepiece by air gaps, a series of parallel straight horizontal wire reeds lying in parallel planes disposed laterally of the respective platelike pole pieces, said reeds 'liaving fixed on their upper ends .barlike armatures extending lengthwise of the reeds-and disposed transversely across the-corresponding air gaps, a vertical bar of insulation lying at'the side of each platelike polepieceand embedding and rigidly holding the corresponding reeds intermediate their length, the inner ends of the, reeds extending back of said bar to predetermined points, a series of substantially straightbare conductors extending longitudinally of the supporting bar and being disposed parallelto each other in substantially parallel planes at opposite lateral sides of and back of the supporting bar, insulators disposed back of the supporting bar holding said parallel conductors in fixed position relative to ;each other andto said supporting bar, the inner .ends of certain ones of the vertical reeds being connected to selected ones of said parallel conductors, a vertically extending contact supportingbar ofinsulation disposedupon the outer ..polepiece, stationary contacts for cooperation with said armatures respectively mounted oneach ,lateral side of the. latter bar ofinsulation, said contacts having outwardly extending terminals disposed in parallelwertical planes lying at the .lateral sidespfthe said latter lbar of insulation, -a series of bare substantially straight conductors extending longitudinally of said supporting bar disposed in two parallel vertical-planes adiasaidreed, ,amagnet for. operatingsaid armature, ,7 cent thecorresm e .outwardly e t nd ncterminal's, said terminals extending to predetermined points and being connected to predeter mined onesof said adjacent vertically extending conductors, and insulators holding said last named longitudinal conductorsin fixed relation to each other and to said relay.

4'7. The combination of a series of relays "of the structure defined in claim 46 mounted in alignment on said supporting bar with their wire reeds on each side of the supporting bar in the same plane, and their terminals at each side of the supporting bar of insulation in the same plane, and having their reed terminals connected toselected ones of the inner series of longitudirial conductors and having their stationary contact terminals connected to selected ones of the outer series of longitudinal conductors.

48. In combination, a vertical supporting bar, a relay mounted on said bar and having a stationary magnet structure providing an air gap at each side thereof extending longitudinally of said bar, armatures disposed in planes on opposite sides of the magnet structure and compris ing oblong magnetic bars extending horizontally across the air gaps transversely thereof, wire reeds having said armatures fixed upon the upper ends thereof, vertical supporting bars of insulation imbedding'said reeds intermediate their ends, said bars being fixedly mounted relative to the stationary magnet structure, theinner ends of I the reeds extending back of the supporting bar,

a series of substantially straight horizontally extending bare cond'uctorsextending transversely of the supporting bar and disposed in substantially a vertical plane, the lower ends of said reeds being connected to corresponding ones of said transversehorizontal conductors, 'a vertically extending stationary'contact supporting bar of insu'lation supported on the outer end of the'station-ary magnet structure, a series of stationary contacts on each'sideof the magnet structure, said contacts being embedded in opposite lateral sides of said contact supporting bar, said stationary contacts having horizontally extending termi'nal's lying in substantially parallel planes on opposite lateral sides of the contact supporting bar, substantially straight bare conductors ex'-' tending longitudinally of the supporting bar and lying in vertical planes adjacent th planes of the contact terminals; said contact terminals extending selected distances forwardly to register withsel'ected ones of said bare vertically extending conductors and having offset ends to extend into engagement with the selected straight bare" conductors.

4'9 In the combination of claim 4-8 of a second" set of coplanar vertical conductors disposed transversely of said supporting bar. a second relay as defined in said claim and aligned edge t'o edge "on the supporting bar with said first defined relay, said second relay having its reed terminals connected to the inner vertical conductorsand its stationary contact terminals connected to the outervertical conductors.

'50; In a relay type'link for telephone exchange apparatus, the combination of a firstgroup of substantially coplanar parallel vertically extending conductors disposed in a substantially vertical plane, a second group of substantially coplanar parallel horizontally extending; conductors disposed behind said first group of conductors in a vertical :plane and the conductors of said second group being disposedisubstantially at right angles to the plane of said first group of conductors but spaced'rrom'thern, insulating sup- 26 ports for the conductors of each group, substantially straight parallel coplanar interconnecting conductors extending in substantially straight horizontal lines betweenconductors of the first group and corresponding conductors of the sec-' ond' group, said interconnecting conductors each including a stationary and a movable relay contact, and a common relay magnet structure disposed on the space between said groups of vertical and horizontal conductors for operating a group of said movable relay contacts in unison.

51. The combination of claim wherein said interconnectingconductors comprise outer sections and inner sections, the outer sections comprising stationary contacts all disposed in a ver-' tical line substantially parallel to the plane of the first group of conductors, and terminal members for the contacts extendingfrom the contacts horizontally at one side of the plane of the conductors of the first group, said terminal members extendingl various distances outwardly and having lateral'lyoiise't end portions by which they engage and'ar'e individually connected to the correspond ing ones of the conductors of the first group, the inner sections comprising a bank of horizontally extending substantially coplanar wire reeds, each reed having an armature bar at its outer end adapted to engage the stationary contact "of the corresponding outer section, a common insulating support for said reeds engaging themintermediate their ends, the inner ends of the reeds being connected to "corresponding ones of said conductors" of the second group, and a common insulating support for the aligned stati'onary contacts, said common supports being rigidly connected to the-common magnet structure. T1 1 '52.- In a relay type link for telephone exchange apparatus, the combination of a first group of substantially coplanar parallel vertically "extending conductors'disposed in a substantially vertical plan'efa second" group of substantially coplanar parallel horizontally extending conductors disposed behind said first group of conductors in a vertical plane and the conductors of said sec- 0nd group being disposed substantially at right anglesto the-plane of said first group of conductors, insulatingsupports forthe conductors of'each group, a first set of substantially paral-' lel coplanar' interconnecting conductors extending'in' substantially straight horizontal lines b'e tween conductors of the first group and corresponding conductors 'of the second group, a third group of substantially coplanar parallel vertical- 1y extending conductors disposed in substantially a vertical plane'behind'the conductors of the second set, a second set of substantially parallel coplanar interconnecting conductorsextending in'subs't'antially straight horizontal lines between certain ones of the" conductors of the first set, and corresponding ones of the conductors of the third set, said interconnecting conductors 'of bothsets being coplanar and eachincluding a stationary anda movable relay contact and a common tens relay magnet structure having av narrow vertically extending air gap for operating said movable relay contacts of both sets of inter connecting conductors in common.

53. In a link for telephoneexchange appan ratus 'thecombination of a first group of sub stantially coplanar parallel vertically extending conductors disposedin'substantially' a vertical plane, a series of second grou s of substantially; coplanar parallelfvertically extending" conductorsf disposed in a substantially vertical planejbelow 

